Buying Property in Spain — A Practical Overview

Every property purchase in Spain follows the same general sequence, though the details vary depending on whether you're a resident, an EU citizen, a non-EU buyer, or purchasing through a company. Here are the broad stages.

1. Get your NIE. The NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is the tax identification number required for any property transaction in Spain. You'll need one before you can sign a purchase agreement. The process for obtaining it varies by nationality and location — some buyers get it at a Spanish consulate abroad, others apply in person in Spain.

2. Open a Spanish bank account. You'll need one to handle the transaction, pay ongoing costs (utilities, community fees, taxes), and comply with the financial requirements of the purchase. Some banks are more accustomed to working with international clients than others.

3. Find the right property. This is where Denise comes in. She helps you build a focused shortlist based on your priorities, organizes viewings, and provides context that listings alone can't — neighborhood dynamics, building quality, pricing patterns.

4. Make an offer and negotiate. Offers in Spain are typically made through the agent and are subject to negotiation. The specifics of how an offer is structured can affect your position, so having someone experienced on your side matters.

5. Sign the arras contract. Once an offer is accepted, both parties typically sign an arras (deposit) contract, which commits both sides to the sale. The buyer pays a deposit — usually around 10% of the purchase price. This contract has legal implications if either side withdraws, so it should be reviewed by your lawyer.

6. Due diligence. Your lawyer checks the property's legal status: ownership, debts, charges, planning permissions, and any other encumbrances. This happens between the arras and the final signing.

7. Sign the escritura. The final purchase deed (escritura de compraventa) is signed before a notary. This is when the remaining balance is paid and ownership transfers. The deed is then registered at the Land Registry.

8. Post-purchase. After signing, there are administrative steps: registering the property in your name, setting up utilities, paying transfer tax or VAT (depending on whether the property is new or resale), and notifying the community of owners.

This overview is deliberately high-level. The specifics — taxes, timelines, legal requirements — vary based on your situation. That's why having a good lawyer and an experienced agent matters more than memorizing the steps.

Not every buyer follows the same path. Here are the points where the process tends to branch depending on who you are and what you're buying.

Your nationality. The NIE process, tax obligations, and financing options differ for EU citizens, Americans, and other non-EU buyers. The guide for Americans and the guide for EU and UK buyers cover the specifics for each group.

New build vs. resale. New construction is subject to VAT (IVA) rather than transfer tax (ITP), and the buying process involves different documentation. Resale properties require more due diligence on building condition and legal history.

Mortgage or cash. Financing a purchase through a Spanish mortgage adds steps — bank valuations, approval timelines, and conditions — that cash buyers skip. If you're financing, start the mortgage conversation early so it doesn't delay the purchase.

Primary residence, second home, or investment. Your intended use affects tax treatment, residency implications, and in some cases the type of property you should prioritize. If you're considering renting the property when you're not using it, regulations and licensing requirements apply — and they vary by area.

Property condition. A turnkey apartment and an unrenovated project involve very different levels of due diligence. For higher-value or more complex purchases, the luxury due diligence guide covers what additional checks are worth making.

Denise isn't a lawyer and doesn't provide legal or tax advice. What she does is coordinate — and in a process with this many moving parts, coordination is often the thing that makes the difference between a smooth purchase and a stressful one.

Before viewings. Denise helps you define your priorities, builds a shortlist of properties that genuinely match your criteria, and gives you context on each one — neighborhood, building quality, pricing, and any practical considerations that aren't visible in the listing.

During viewings. She organizes your viewing days efficiently, accompanies you, and points out things you might not notice or know to ask about — building management, noise patterns, renovation quality, community dynamics.

During the buying process. Denise connects you with trusted legal professionals, helps coordinate timelines, and stays in communication throughout. She doesn't replace your lawyer or your bank — she makes sure all the pieces are moving in the same direction and that you understand what's happening at each stage.

After the purchase. For buyers who need help with the practical side of settling in — utilities, local services, orientation — Denise can point you toward the right resources.

Her goal is to reduce the friction, not to manage every detail herself. You keep the decision-making; she keeps the process organized.

Most of Denise's clients start the buying process from another country. That's normal, and the process accommodates it — but a few things help.

Start the conversation early. The earlier you connect with Denise, the more time there is to build a shortlist and plan your viewing trip efficiently. Many buyers start six months or more before their planned visit.

Get your NIE in advance. If you can apply for your NIE at a Spanish consulate in your home country, do it. It saves time when you're in Spain and avoids delays in the buying process.

Line up a lawyer before you visit. Having a lawyer who specializes in Spanish property transactions, ideally one who speaks your language, means you can move quickly if you find the right property during your trip. Denise can recommend trusted professionals.

Plan a focused viewing trip. Three to five days is usually enough to see a well-curated shortlist and make a confident decision. Denise organizes viewings by neighborhood to maximize your time.

Expect some things to happen remotely. Many steps — negotiation, arras signing, and even the final escritura in some cases — can be handled through a power of attorney (POA) if you can't be physically present. Your lawyer handles this.

The moving to Málaga hub has guides organized by buyer profile that cover the broader planning beyond the purchase itself.

Your viewing trip is where the process shifts from research to reality. Here's how to set it up for success.

Talk to Denise before you book flights. She'll help you understand how many days you need based on your criteria and whether your shortlist spans one neighborhood or several.

Review the shortlist in advance. Denise sends property details before your trip so you arrive with context. You'll know what you're seeing, why it's on the list, and what questions to ask.

Walk the neighborhoods, not just the apartments. Budget time between viewings to experience each area as a resident would. The apartment matters, but the street and the neighborhood matter just as much.

Take notes and photos. After three or four viewings, memories blur. Denise provides her own notes on each property, but having your own record helps when it's time to compare.

Be ready to move. If you find something that fits, the market in Málaga moves quickly enough that hesitation can cost you a property. Having your lawyer and financing in place before your trip means you can act with confidence rather than scrambling.

You can browse the listings before your trip to start getting a feel for what's available at your price point.

Whether you're six months out or ready to plan a viewing trip next month, the best starting point is a conversation. Get in touch with Denise — she'll help you figure out where you are in the process and what comes next.